Help on filtered Ports
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_number
there is a list of ports and corresponding numbers. i have never used nmap so cant help you with that but if its telling you which ones are open and which are secured then you can referance from this.
Sounds like maybe a firewall tossing you back false positives on the port scan. Nmap has different scanning options, so use them to discover more about your target. Run an OS detection scan, try different types of TCP scans, look at the banners on each port to determine if a service is really running or if you're being tricked, try scanning smaller amounts of ports at a timeā¦ heck, even give a UDP scan a shot (last - it will take forever).
Don't approach service enumeration and client discovery as an exercise in just running Nmap. Learn about the depth of Nmap's options and use them to gather various results, then compare them to determine the true aspects of your target. For instance, if a target says they're running a web server on port 80, telnet into the target on port 80 and try an HTTP GET; if the connection fails or you don't get a response from your GET, then you know you're being fed fake results.